LeetCode Top K Frequent Words need to use STL priority_queue to solve the problem.

priority_queue definition:

template<
    class T,
    class Container = std::vector<T>,
    class Compare = std::less<typename Container::value_type>
> class priority_queue;

There are two ways to implement the priority_queue compare function of customized type.

LeetCode Top K Frequent Words 中会用到priority_queue，同时需要定义priority_queue的排序算法。

priority_queue的定义:

template<
    class T,
    class Container = std::vector<T>,
    class Compare = std::less<typename Container::value_type>
> class priority_queue;

有两种方式实现自定义类型priority_queue的比较函数。

This blog uses github as image hosting service after migration. However, sometimes the image loading speed is slow. After some investigation, we found that we can easily improve the image loading speed by jsdelivr CDN.

在迁移博客之后，就切换了图床，使用github作免费的图床。但最近发现它不太稳定，常常打不开。研究发现可以用jsdelivr作github的CDN加速，只需替换下图片地址即可。这才是github图床正确的打开方式 :-)

之前我们谈到 # MongoDB事务重试实现. 如果在事务中使用了BulkWrite()，那么这个新的事务API可能会无限重试从而导致服务器CPU使用率100% (MongoDB Server v4.4.6-ent, MongoDB Driver v2.12.2)。

为避免这个问题，有三个客户端实现的建议：

• 事务API传入cancellation token，限制事务的最长执行时间
• 超过最大重试次数后强制退出事务，避免无限重试
• 设置BulkWrite()按序执行

其中前两个建议对所有事务实现都建议使用，可避免极端情况下对服务端造成不必要的负载。

Previously we talked about # How to Retry MongoDB Transaction. However, if you use BulkWrite() and one of the operation is retryable (e.g. duplicated key error), the new transactions API will retry the bulk write endlessly which might lead to server CPU 100%. (MongoDB Server v4.4.6-ent, MongoDB Driver v2.12.2)

To avoid such issue, we have three suggestions:

• Add a cancellation token to limit the max retry time
• Break the transaction after max retry count
• Set BulkWriteOptions { IsOrdered = true }

The first two suggestions are also applicable to transactions which don't use BulkWrite().

Prompting is one of the hottest NLP techniques. This is a brief introduction to prompting by three questions: what's prompting, why prompting and how to prompting. As a brief introduction, we do not cover too much details but try to summarize the main idea of prompting. For more details, please refer to the original papers.

What's Prompting

I don't find a rigorous defintion for prompting. Just quoting some pieces from papers.

Users prepend a natural language task instruction and a few examples to the task input; then generate the output from the LM. This approach is known as in-context learning or prompting.

By: # Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation

This description brought two concepts: in-context learning and prompting.

Another explantion from probability perspective:

Prompting is the approach of adding extra information for the model to condition on during its generation of Y .

By: # The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning

Prompt是当下最热的NLP技术之一，本文通过 what, why 和 how 三个问题对它进行介绍。力求简明扼要，不是完整综述，更多细节，可参考更多论文原文。

Prompt是什么

首先来看什么是Prompt，没有找到权威定义，引用一些论文中的描述来说明什么是Prompt。

Users prepend a natural language task instruction and a few examples to the task input; then generate the output from the LM. This approach is known as in-context learning or prompting.

By: # Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation

简单来说，用户用一段任务描述和少量示例作为输入，然后用语言模型生成输出。这种方法就叫做in-context learning或prompting。Prompting也有另一种偏概率的解释：

Prompting is the approach of adding extra information for the model to condition on during its generation of Y .

By: # The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning

Recently I switched the static website generator from Hexo to Hugo. The main reason is that Hexo is too slow, cannot generate websites with thousands of pages.

Then I found this: # Who Should Use Hugo?

Hugo is for people building a blog, a company site, a portfolio site, documentation, a single landing page, or a website with thousands of pages.

No pain no gain. To use Hugo smoothly, the first problem is how to add customized css or js to the site.

The bad news is that Hugo is not that friendly to a freshman. I spent hours to read documents and understood how it works. Comparatively, Hexo's plugin system and injector is more friendly to a freshman (maybe I forgot how long to learn it haha :-D).

In this post, we will go through how to add customized css or js to Hugo sites in Hugoic way.

If you don't want to understand how it works, just go to Modify Templates section would be fine. :-)

最近从Hexo切到了Hugo博客生成引擎，主要原因是Hexo太慢，且在页面数量上千时会崩溃。

# Who Should Use Hugo?

Hugo is for people building a blog, a company site, a portfolio site, documentation, a single landing page, or a website with thousands of pages.

使用任何引擎，必须要解决添加自定义css和javascript的问题，才能非常方便地定制化。

可惜Hugo对于初学者不太友好，研究添加css和js费了不少功夫，需要通过读文档理解Hugo的设计思路。相比而言，Hexo的插件系统Hexo injector对新手更友好和容易理解。所以我们聊聊在Hugo中添加自定义css和js的正确方式。

不关心原理的急性子可以直接跳到修改模板代码节进行实操 :-)